Billy
Murray on the Radio (1925–42)
First
in a series investigating radio broadcasts by pioneer recording artists
Additions
and corrections by Anna-Maria Manuel*
Current Update: April 27, 2007
Related Articles: Murray's Victor Recording Contracts | A Billy Murray Scrapbook
(Left)
Billy Murray and his old protégé Walter
Van Brunt (a.k.a. Walter Scanlan, or Scanlon [sic])
teamed with comedienne Marcella Shields in early 1930s radio
broadcasts. Shields recorded with Murray as early as January 1929, as an uncredited extra on "Ever Since the Movies Learned to Talk" (Edison 52518). This ad is from The Kingston Daily Freeman (Kingston,
NY) for April 22, 1932.
(Right) Many of Murray’s 1920s
broadcasts were made with members of the Eight Popular Victor Artists
promotional troupe. This May 1927 ad from Huntingdon, Pennsylvania,
provides a rare look at a typical EPVA program.
(Both courtesy of Anna-Maria Manuel)
Introduction
Thanks
to ongoing research by Anna-Maria Manuel, many additional Murray programs
appear in this latest update, including such obscure items as the January
1927 "Radiotrons" broadcast, for which the complete contents
were reported, offering a rare glimpse into a typical variety-show brodacast
of the period. Verifiable reports of other Murray broadcasts are welcome,
and will be fully acknowledged if used. Please be sure to include complete
primary-source citations. (Undocumented listings do not meet
our standards for inclusion.)
The
Victor Talking Machine Company maintained tight contractual control over
radio appearances by its exclusive artists, and Billy Murray was no exception.
As an exclusive Victor artist through mid-1928, Murray participated in
two reliably documented “Victor Hour" broadcasts under Victor's
sponsorship. He was also allowed to broadcast for other sponsors, most
often as a member of the Eight Popular Victor Artists, a promotional troupe
underwritten by Victor. This group traveled widely and sometimes broadcast
from regional stations that were not covered by the New York press. Newspaper
program listings rarely name all personnel on a given broadcast, and it
is likely that Murray was heard on many other as-yet undocumented broadcasts
while still under contract to Victor.
As
a freelancer (having been dropped as an exclusive artist by Victor in
July 1928), Murray next participated in pre-recorded "Edison Hour"
and "Brunswick Brevities" programs in 1929, and in live broadcasts
sponsored by Armour Meats and General Electric. No more live performances
are reliably documented until his 1931–32 series of trio broadcasts
over WOR and WJZ. But again, it is likely that he took uncredited roles
or worked for minor stations that were not included in the national program
listings during this period.
After 1932, Murray did no more reliably documented radio work until 1940,
when he was added to the cast of The Parker Family. In 1941–42 he
substituted for Henry Burr on NBC's National Barn Dance, newly
discovered listings for which will be found at the end of this article.
Document History — Initial publication: 9/20/2006. Revisions: Version 2, 11/30/2006; Version 3, 12/7/2006; Version 4, 4/10/2007; Version 5 (current) 4/27/2007.
—Allan
Sutton
March
12, 1925 (9:00–10:00 pm)
THE
VICTOR HOUR *
Studio: WEAF (New York)
Other Performers: Rudy Wiedoeft (saxophone), Henry Burr
(tenor) & Peerless Quartet, International Novelty Orchestra (Nat Shilkret,
director)
Note:
This program pre-dated the release of Murray's first electrically recorded
78 records by approximately two months and probably was the first time
the general public heard his voice reproduced electrically.
*The New York Times listed this program under the title "Victor
Presentation."
October 10, 1925 (5:00–10:00 pm)
[STATION
OPENING PROGRAM]
Studio: WGHP (Detroit)
Other performers: Frank Banta (piano), Rudy Wiedoeft
(saxophone), studio dance orchestra (William Finzel, director), studio
symphonic group (Dirk van Emmerick, director)
Note:
This special program, marking the opening of WGHP, has not been located
in the national program listings. It was reported in The Oxnard
Daily Courier (Oxnard, CA), where a hopeful radio store owner predicted
that many in the area might be able to receive the broadcast.
March 12, 1926 (9:00–10:30 pm)
THE
VICTOR HOUR
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: Lambert Murphy (tenor), Elsie Baker
(contralto), Royal Dadmun (baritone), Lucy Isabelle Marsh (soprano), Henry
Burr (tenor) & Peerless Quartet, Rudy Wiedoeft (saxophone), Monroe
Silver (comedian), Frank Banta (piano), Victor Salon Orchestra (Nat Shilkret,
director)
Note:
The time was shown in error as 9:00–10:00 in the previous version
of this listing. It was stated as such in a preliminary New York
Times report, but was later corrected in the Times' program
listing (which nevertheless still listed this ninety-minute program
as "The Victor Hour").
October 7, 1926 (10:00–11:00 pm)
GOODRICH
ZIPPERS
Studio: WEAF (New York)
Other Performers: Henry Burr (tenor), Carl Mathieu (tenor),
Stanley Baughman (baritone), James Stanley (bass), Monroe Silver (comedian),
Frank Banta (piano), Sam Herman (xylophone). This was a late version of
the Eight Popular Victor Artists. Burr, Mathieu, Baughman, and Stanley
comprised the Peerless Quartet.
Note:
The participants were not named in the New York Times program
listings, but are confirmed in a story in The Bee (Danville,
Virginia). The story states incorrectly that this was the first appearance
of the "Goodrich Zippers" over WEAF. WEAF had been airing
the program since at least November 5, 1925, starring the Goodrich Silvertown
Cord Orchestra and Joseph M. White, "The Silver-Masked Tenor."
The Bee reported that the Victor group was a replacement for
those stars, who it said "will probably return to the air early
in the Spring." "Goodrich Zippers" continued to air over
WEAF through early 1928, with varying personnel that only rarely included
Murray.
October
28, 1926 (10:00–11:00 p.m.)
GOODRICH
ZIPPERS
Studio: WEAF (New York)
Other Performers: Henry Burr, Monroe Silver
A
program with “orchestra, songs, character sketches.”
January
20, 1927 (9:00–10:00 p.m.)
RADIOTRONS
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: Lew [sic] Raderman (violin);
Harry Reser (banjo); Frank Black (piano); and the Shannon Quartet, comprising
Franklyn Baur (tenor), Elliott Shaw (baritone), Lewis James (tenor), and
Wilfred Glenn (bass) in ensemble and solos.
Complete
program:
Radiotrons, “Baby Face”
Raderman, “Sweety Pie”
Baur, “Thinking of You”
Reser, “Meadow Lark”
Quartet, “Santa Lucia”
Murray, “Where Do You Work-a John?”
Black, piano medley and vocal chorus
Radiotrons, “Blue Room”
Reser, “Give Me a Ukelele”
Baritone solo and quartet, “The Riff Song”
Raderman, “I’ve Got the Girl”
Reser, “Coney Island Washboard”
Radiotrons, “Pale Moon”
Raderman, “Hush-abye-Waltz”
Glenn, “Port of Missing Ships”
Reser, “Clock Song”
Murray, “What Do You Think of That?”
Radiotrons, “Moonbeams, Kiss Her for Me”
Note:
Except for Murray, none of the performers were exclusive to Victor.
April
13, 1927 (10:00–11:00 pm)
[TITLE UNKNOWN]
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: Shannon Quartet, Frank Munn.
Note:
From the Fitchburg Sentinel (Fitchburg, MA)—
“The
Shannon Quartet, assisted by Frank Munn and Billy Murray will be heard
in a program of hits from current musical shows.”
April 27, 1927 (9:00–10:00 pm)
THE
MAXWELL HOUR
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: Shannon Quartet, Nat Shilkret's Orchestra.
Note:
Only Nat Shilkret is credited by name in the New York Times
program listings. Murray and the Shannon Quartet (a.k.a. The
Revelers) were mentioned in the program listing in the Fitchburg
Sentinel (Fitchburg, MA).
May 11, 1927 (7:00–8:00 pm, Central
Time)
May 12, 1927 (11:00 pm–midnight, Central Time)
TIVOLI
THEATER BROADCAST
Studio: WBCN (Chicago)
Other performers: Frank Banta (piano), Henry Burr (tenor), Monroe
Silver (comedian), Carl Mathieu (tenor), Stanley Baughman (baritone),
James Stanley (bass), Sam Herman (xylophone).
Note:
From the Southtown Economist—
“One
of the outstanding special WBCN features of the year will be broadcast
by the SOUTHTOWN ECONOMIST radio station tomorrow evening from 11 to
12 p.m. [sic], when the famous Peerless Quartet, makers of
scores of Victor records, and four other famous Victor artists, will
step before the microphone.
“The quartet, composed of Henry Burr, tenor, who
has made more records than any one other person; Carl Mathieu, tenor;
Stanley Baughman, basso, and James Stanley, baritone, will be accompanied
in their program by Frank Banta, pianist; Monroe Silver, monologist;
Billy Murray, tenor comedian, who ranks second to Henry Burr in the
number of his records, and Sam Herman, xylophonist.
“So that WBCN listeners may hear the quartet sing
their favorite numbers, the station has arranged to have the artists
receive requests from their radio audience at the conclusion of the
11 to 12 o'clock program. These requests will reach the quartet if telephoned
to Glen R. Fuche, manager of the Tivoli Theater, at Randolph 5300. The
eight Victor recording Artists are appearing on WBCN through the courtesy
of Mr. Fouche [sic?], in whose theater the artists may be seen
in person, for they are appearing there this week in the Tivoli stage
presentation.”
May
11, 1927 (9:00–10:00 p.m.)
RADIOTRONS
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: Radiotron Orchestra and Shannon Quartet,
comprising Lewis James (tenor), Elliott Shaw (baritone), Wilfred Glenn
(bass), and Charles Harrison (tenor).
Note:
This program was broadcast on the same day as the Eight Popular Victor
Artists’ live appearance in Chicago on WBCN (see previous entry).
Given that the EPVA could not be in two places at once, would it be
reasonable to speculate that this Radiotrons program was pre-recorded?
January 30, 1928 (10:15-11:15 pm; probably Pacific
Time)
[UNTITLED SPECIAL PROGRAM]
Studio: KLX
(Oakland, CA)
Other performers: Henry Burr, Monroe Silver, James Stanley,
Carl Mathieu, Frank Banta, Stanley Baughman, Sam Herman.
Note:
From the Oakland Tribune—
“The
Monday night ‘special’ will be presented by courtesy of
the West Coast theaters [West Coast Theaters, Inc.—probably a
theater chain] which is presenting the Victor recording artists in a
program at the T. & D.[name of theater] this week in conjunction
with the picture, ‘Sorrell and Son.’ Henry Burr heads the
list of artists and is best known for his ‘heart interest’
ballads.
"Others on the program are: Billy Murray, Monroe Silver,
James Stanley. Carl Mathieu, Frank Banta, Stanley Baughman, and Sam
Herman. The program will include comedy monologues, quartet songs and
instrumental numbers and will last for an hour starting at the conclusion
of the regular Monday night meeting of the Lake Merritt Ducks, at 10:15
p.m.”
March
31, 1928 (8:00-9:00 p.m.; probably Mountain Time)
[UNTITLED SPECIAL PROGRAM]
Studio: KFUR (Ogden City, UT)
Other performers: Henry Burr and Peerless Quartet [James
Stanley, Carl Mathieu, Stanley Baughman], Monroe Silver, Frank Banta,
Sam Herman.
Note:
From The Ogden
Standard-Examiner—
“Special-studio
program has been prepared for this evening, from 8 until 9 o'clock,
by radio station KFUR. It will include eight Victor recording artists
who are appearing at a local theatre, according to an announcement made
by Ralph W. Flygare, station technician.
“The
artists who will participate in the program include Henry Burr, Billy
Murray and the Peerless quartet.
“An arrangement will be made
so that the program will be broadcast simultaneously through KFUR and
KSL of Salt Lake, Mr. Flygare said, each station using its regular wave
length....
“The artists are to appear through the courtesy of
Harry Ashton, manager of the Paramount theatre.”
Broadcast
date unknown; recorded February 11, 1929
THE
EDISON HOUR
Studio: Edison recording studio (probably West Orange,
NJ), for WJZ (New York)
Guest Speakers: Thomas Edison (speaking from Florida),
Charles Edison
Other Performers: Frieda Hempel, Edison Concert Band,
(?) Rosenthal (piano), B. A. Rolfe's Orchestra, Ed Parker Quartet
Note:
This was not a live broadcast. It was pre-recorded for WJZ as two 30-rpm
vertical-cut transcriptions. Edison's low-speed recording equipment
was housed at the Columbia Street studio in West Orange. The engineers'
notebook does not indicate whether these were live performances or were
dubbed from existing sources, or were a combination of both. The first
half-hour was devoted to classical music (mx. 184-A); Murray performs
only on the second half (mx. 185-B).
August
3, 1929 (9:00–10:00 p.m.)
GENERAL
ELECTRIC CONCERT ORCHESTRA
Studio: WEAF (New York)
Other Performers: Carson Robinson [sic], Frank Luther
November
29, 1929 (Unknown time)
THE ARMOUR PROGRAM
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Note:
From The Charleston Daily Mail—
“Billy
Murray, tenor and comedian, will be guest soloist in the Armour program
on the coast to coast network of WJZ Friday evening, November 29.”
Broadcast
date unknown; recorded late December, 1929
BRUNSWICK
BREVITIES — Program U
Studio: Brunswick recording
studio (New York)
Other Performers: Colonial Club Orchestra, Walter van Brunt (as
"Walter Scanlan")
Note:
This was not a live broadcast. It was pre-recorded on six 12",
78-rpm transcriptions by Brunswick, for syndication over various stations.
Murray and Van Brunt perform only on Part 3 ("Sergeant Quirt and
Sergeant Flagg," mx. XE-31656-A) and Part 5 ("Shut the Door,"
mx. XE-31655-A).
They had previously recorded both titles for commercial issue (Brunswick
4611), raising the possibility that the transcriptions are dubbed from
those recordings. Copies of the transcriptions have not been located
for aural comparison.
The "Comedy Trio" series apparently began on August 5, 1931,
over WJZ and affiliated stations. The broadcast was reported in The
Charleston Gazette (Charleston, WV), which named the participants,
whereas the New York Times did not. The October 28 program, and
possibly others as well, was sponsored by Dutch Masters Cigars. All programs
except the first are shown in the New York Times program listings
simply as "Comedy Trio."
August 5, 1931 (8:30–9:00 pm)
COMEDY TEAM
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: Walter van Brunt, as
"Walter Scanlon" [sic]; Marcella Shields
Note:
This is the earliest primary-source mention of the Comedy Trio program
located by Anna-Maria Manuel. The initial broadcast ran only a half-hour,
and was referred to as a Comedy Team rather than Trio.
The Charleston Gazette noted that "Besides the fund [sic]
there will be song."
August
19, 1931 (7:30–8:00 pm Central Time?)
COMEDY
TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: Walter van Brunt, Walter Scanlon [sic];
Marcella Shields
August
26, 1931 (8:30–9:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
October
14, 1931 (8:30–9:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
October
28, 1931 (9:30–10:00 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
Note:
According to The Newark Advocate and American Tribune, the
program consisted of "resurrected songs, including 'Mr. Dooley,'
'Dear Old Girl,' and 'Keep a Little Cozy Corner in Your Heart for Me.'"
November
11, 1931 (8:30–9:00 pm Central Time?)
COMEDY
TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
November
18, 1931 (9:30–10:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
December
17, 1931 (9:30–10:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
December
23, 1931 (9:30–10:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
Note:
The broadcast shifted from Thursday to Wednesday night at this point.
December
30, 1931 (9:30–10:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WJZ (New
York)
Other
Performers: As above.
January
27, 1932 (9:30–10:30 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio:
WJZ (New York)
Other
Performers: As above.
Note: Beginning with the April 22, 1932 broadcast, the
"Comedy Trio" cast members were named in the New York Times
program listings. The program was moved to WOR and affiliates, and it
was shortened to a half-hour. There was also a change of sponsor at this
point. On the occasion of the April 22 broadcast, The Kingston Daily
Freeman (Kingston, NY) referred to "The trio that is at least
15% funnier—sent to you by Horton's—the ice cream that is
15% richer."
April
22, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
COMEDY TRIO
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: Walter van Brunt, as "Walter Scanlon"
[sic]; Marcella Shields
April
29, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
COMEDY
TRIO
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
May
6, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
COMEDY
TRIO
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
May
20, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
COMEDY
TRIO
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
June 3, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
COMEDY
TRIO
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
June 17, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
[UNTITLED
SHOW]
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: Walter van Brunt, as "Walter Scanlon"
[sic]; Marcella Shields; Bowers' Orchestra. (Bowers was not identified
further in the program listings, but might have been Robin Hood Bowers,
a Columbia studio director.)
July
8, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
[UNTITLED
SHOW]
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
July
15, 1932 (8:30–9:00 pm)
[UNTITLED
SHOW]
Studio: WOR (New York)
Other Performers: As above.
Note: After nearly a decade’s hiatus, Murray returned to radio work in
late 1940. The following broadcasts have been verified by Anna-Maria Manuel
from reliable primary-source materials, and there are likely to be others
awaiting discovery.
THE
PARKER FAMILY
1940–?
Mentions
of specific episodes of the Parker Family with Murray have not been located.
His
presence on at least some brodcasts is confirmed by the following:
“Billy
Murray, whose singing of popular songs was well known to phonograph
record fans long before radio was thought of, has joined the cast of
The Parker Family, Sunday night feature on KMJ. . . . He
was introduced into the Parker Family cast in the role of the station
master and will continue to do character parts.”
—“Veteran
Gets Air Roles.” The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (9/1/1940),
pg. 4-C.
NATIONAL
BARN DANCE
Note:
The program that would become the National Barn Dance first aired
over station WLS (Chicago) on April 19, 1924, as The Radio Barn Dance,
and initially was sponsored by Sears, Roebuck & Co. For two decades,
it was the chief competitor to the Grand Ole Opry, although it
became less country music–oriented than the Opry as the
1930s progressed.
November
29, 1941 (6:00-7:00 p.m. Pacific Time)
Network: NBC
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other performers: Eddie Peabody, Lulu Belle and Scotty,
Pat Buttram, and Jane Kaye.
From
The Fresno Bee—
“A nod to Winter will be presented by the cast of the National
Barn Dance. . . . The
Barn Dancers will again have as their guest Billy Murray, Irish comedian
and old time minstrel man. Tunes for the Winter party will include Winter
Song, Button Up Your Overcoat and Put On Your Old Red Flannel.”
January 3, 1942 (6:00-7:00p.m. Pacific Time)
Network: NBC
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other performers: None mentioned in article.
From
The Fresno Bee—
“A musical trip through the pages of the 1942 calendar will be
undertaken by the National Barn Dance during the broadcast this evening
over KMJ, which also will have as one of its highlights the return of
Billy Murray, veteran Irish comedian and singer. Musical
numbers identified with the various months of the year will be featured,
along with some old timers, notably, Has Anybody Here Seen Kelly, 'When
My Baby Smiles At Me, and Call Me Up Some Rainy Afternoon.”
January
31, 1942 (6:00-7:00p.m. Pacific Time)
Network: NBC
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other performers: None mentioned in article.
From
The Fresno Bee—
“The
entire cast of the National Barn Dance, plus Billy Murray, veteran comedian
and singer, will stage the weekly barn dance . . . in the municipal
auditorium in Buffalo, N. Y. They are appearing there in connection
with a Smokes for Soldiers benefit.”
March 14, 1942 (6:00-7:00 p.m. Pacific Time)
Network: NBC
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other performers: Bill O’Connor, Eddie Peabody,
Lulu Belle and Scotty [Myrtle Eleanor Cooper and Scott Wiseman].
From
The Fresno Bee—
“An advance celebration of St. Patrick's Day is on the KMJ radio
schedule tonight when the National Barn Dance will have as its guests
Billy Murray and Bill O'Connor, widely known Irish singers. . . . Murray,
who is believed to have the largest phonograph record audience of any
man in the world [sic], will sing It's the Same Old Shillelaugh
[sic] and My Irish Molly-O.”
March 21, 1942 (6:00-7:00 p.m. Pacific Time)
Network: NBC Network
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other Performers: Red Foley
From
The Fresno Bee—
“Billy Murray, singing comedian of many year’s standing,
and Red Foley, cowboy vocalist, will be guests of the National Barn
Dance . . . , when the program will be in keeping with the advent of
Spring.”
April 25, 1942 (6:00-7:00 p.m. Pacific Time)
Network: NBC Network
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other Performers: Tom Manning (announcer), Hoosier Hot
Shots, and Dinning Sisters.
From
The Fresno Bee—
“The entire cast of the National Barn Dance, with the exception
of Announcer Jack Holden, has moved in on Cleveland, Ohio, and will
broadcast from that city's municipal auditorium . . . as part of a benefit
for the Cuyahoga County Civilian Defense Fund. . . . Tom
Manning, widely known sports announcer of WTAM, will substitute for
Holden, and the various performers will present a variety of new and
old tunes such as O-Hi-O and Sister Susie's Sewing Shirts For Soldiers,
by Billy Murray . . . .”
August 22, 1942 (6:00-6:30 p.m.)
Network: NBC Network
Sponsor: Alka-Seltzer
Other performers: None mentioned in article.
From
The Fresno Bee—
“The National Barn Dance . . . will come from Milwaukee, where
the cast is entertaining the crowds at the Wisconsin State Fair. . .
. A
special added attraction will be the appearance of Billy Murray, veteran
vaudevillian, who will sing a group of George M. Cohan's most popular
songs.”
References
“Barn
Dancers Pay Visit to Wisconsin Fair.” The Fresno Bee, Fresno,
CA (8/22/1942), pg. 5-A.
“Barn
Dancers Stage Cleveland Defense Benefit.” The Fresno Bee,
Fresno, CA (4/25/1942), pg. 4-A.
“Before
the Mike.” Dunkirk Evening Observer, Dunkirk, NY (12/23/1931),
p. 13.
“Before
the Mike.” Dunkirk Evening Observer, Dunkirk, NY (12/30/1931),
p. 11.
“Before
the Mike.” Dunkirk Evening Observer, Dunkirk, NY (1/27/1932),
p. 11.
Billy
Murray, Walter Scanlon [sic], Marcella Shields [ad]. The
Kingston Daily Freeman, Kingston, NY (4/22/1932), p. 8. Repeated
on 4/29/1932, p. 5.
“Blue
Network Includes Programs by Many Artists of International Note.”
The Davenport Democrat and Leader, Davenport, IA (1/14/1927),
pg. 10.
“Bow
to Winter Is Presented by Radio Folk.” The Fresno Bee,
Fresno, CA (11/29/1941), pg. 5-A.
“Brevities
of the Radio.” The Charleston Daily Mail, Charleston, WV
(11/24/1929), Section ?, p. 7.
Brunswick
recording files. Reported in Laird, Ross: Brunswick Recordings, 1916–1931
(Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2001), p. 745.
“Calendar
Party Is Scheduled by Barn Dancers.” The Fresno Bee, Fresno,
CA (1/3/1942), pg. 5-A.
“Daily
Radio Program.” Fitchburg Sentinel, Fitchburg, MA (4/27/1927),
p. 10.
“Daily
Radio Program.” Fitchburg Sentinel, Fitchburg, MA (10/28/1926),
pg. 4.
“Daily
Radio Program.” Fitchburg Sentinel, Fitchburg, MA (1/20/1927),
pg. 3.
“Daily
Radio Program.” The Newark Advocate and American Tribune,
Newark, OH (10/28/1931),
p. 13.
“The
Dial Twister.” The Port Arthur News, Port Arthur, TX (8/19/1931),
pg. 15.
“The
Dial Twister.” The Port Arthur News, Port Arthur, TX (8/26/1931),
p. 4.
“The
Dial Twister.” The Port Arthur News, Port Arthur, TX (10/14/1931),
p. 4.
Edison
Laboratory Notebook #N140525 (Edison National Historic Site, West Orange,
NJ).
“From
Records to Radio.” Southtown Economist, Chicago, IL (5/11/1927),
p. 14.“KLX to Radio Organist and Victor Artists.” Oakland
Tribune, Oakland, CA (1/28/1928), p. 23.
National
radio program listings. The New York Times (3/12/1925–7/15/1932
inclusive).
“Irish
Singers Will Be Guests at Barn Dance.” The Fresno Bee,
Fresno, CA (3/14/1942), pg. 5-A.
“New
Station on Air Tonight.” The Oxnard Daily Courier, Oxnard,
CA (10/10/1925), p. 1.
“News
of the Radio World.” The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (1/31/1942),
pg. 5-A.
“News
of the Radio World.” The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (3/21/1942),
pg. 5-A.
“Notes
from Radio Broadcasting Stations.” New York Times (3/1/1925),
p. XX12.
“On
the Air.” Dunkirk Evening Observer, Dunkirk, NY (8/5/1931),
p. 9.
“Outstanding
Comedian to Be Heard on WJZ Jan. 20.” Galveston Daily News,
Galveston, TX (1/16/1927), pg. 22.
“Over
the Radio Air.” The Athens Messenger, Athens, OH (11/17/1931),
p. 10.
Oxnard
Daily Courier, Oxnard, CA (10/10/1925), p. 1.
Paramount
Theatre ad. The Ogden Standard-Examiner, Ogden City, UT (4/1/1928),
p. 4-C.
“Radio.”
Indiana Evening Gazette, Indiana, PA (12/16/1931), p. 6.
“Radio.”
Edwardsville Intelligencer, Edwardsville, IL (11/11/1931), pg.
9.
“Radio
Highlights.” The Charleston Gazette, Charleston, WV, (8/5/1931),
p. 3.
Radio
highlights. The Newark Advocate and American Tribune, Newark,
OH (10/28/1931), p. 13.
Radio
listing. The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (11/29/1941), pg. 5-A.
Radio
listing. The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (1/3/1942), pg. 5-A.
Radio
listing. The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (3/14/1942), pg. 5-A.
Radio
listing. The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (4/25/1942), pg. 4-A.
Radio
listing. The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (8/22/1942), pg. 5-A.
“Radio
Log.” The Charleston Gazette, Charleston, WV (8/22/1942),
pg. 5.
“Radio
Program.” The Olean Evening Times, Olean, NY (August 3,
1929), pg. 6.
“Special
Program on Radio Tonight.” The Ogden Standard-Examiner,
Ogden City, UT (3/31/1928), p. 6.
“Today’s
Radio Program.” The Warren Tribune, Warren, PA (5/11/1927),
pg. 13.
“Tune
in on These Today.” The Decatur Review, Decatur, IL (5/11/1927),
pg. 6.
“Veteran
Gets Air Roles.” The Fresno Bee, Fresno, CA (9/1/1940),
pg. 4-C.
“Victor
Record Stars Will Broadcast Request Hour.” Southtown Economist,
Chicago (5/11/1927), p. 14.
*
Anna-Maria Manuel is an independent researcher and a major contributor
to Mainspring's book and online projects. She chairs the Outreach Committee
of the Association for Recorded Sound
Collections.
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